One Country, Two Webs
October 1st, 2009The Green Dam incident underscored the notion that the powers that be cannot unilaterally dictate the terms of internet usage in China. Nearly everyday I walk the streets of this fast-paced country I marvel (and sometimes, squirm; and at other times, become annoyed) at how nearly every interaction in China is a negotiation: whether it’s crossing a busy street; vying for space while riding a bicycle in a bike lane; or buying vegetables from a street vendor. The more fractious an issue, the more each negotiation becomes a scrum. A scrum in rugby involves members of opposing teams going shoulder-against-shoulder against each other to kick the ball back to a player on their side. From the outside, scrums look like utter, violent chaos. And yet, deep within the mound of heaving bodies and grinding collar bones is a negotiation of sorts, to get the ball to the players who will push for a score for their team.
In the Chinese internet, though, there is more than one team at play on the field of the internet at any given time. And because of the vastness of the arena of the Web, there are many scrums going on simultaneously that sometimes coalesce into violent melee, like those found in Human Flesh Search Engines, or complete black outs of entire provinces during mass protests.
Online scrums in China as a means to negotiate platforms, domains, rights, limitations and penalties in cyberspace are creating a web space separate from the World Wide Web as the West has come to know and cultivate it. The Fractured Web, as Andrew Hupert calls the dislocation of a portion of the World Wide Web, is the new reality. Andrew is a professor of sales and negotiation at New York University’s campus in Shanghai. He told me over a cup of coffee in a trendy Shanghai cafe a couple weeks back, “No one cares that the central government has blocked Twitter or Facebook or Youtube. Chinese don’t seem upset in the least about it.” After all, he continued, they already have their Chinese equivalents of the social networking sites, and the the Chinese companies are overjoyed that the international competition is off their necks. In other words, Chinese politics and business are sometimes on the same side of the scrum, bundling away access and technologies from Chinese users, with the permission of the netizens themselves. Over the past two months Andrew has written on his blog, China Solved,
Usually industrial and national security policies are at odds with one another. This time they dovetail beautifully. This must have been a no-brainer for Beijing. Suppress potentially disruptive voices and protect key industries at the same time — in one fell swoop. Everyone from the Party leadership to the business community loves the idea.
I can’t recommend highly enough reading Andrew’s blog thread The Fractured Web. There’s important thinking there for businesses and individuals in China who depend on the international internet for their well-being.
And when you’ve got the ball in China, run like hell.


October 1st, 2009 at 2:14 pm
Traffic and crossing the street is one of many example of why “Chinese Characteristics” is unique and needs to be understood in order to do business efficiently in China. It’s an idea I’ve been trying to get across to my management to no avail so far (by the way, great article on HQ IQ).
Crossing the street in China may seem an utterly chaotic and messy affair to Westerners in their first days, weeks or maybe even months in China. But I’m sure you’ve observed many elementary school children navigate the same mess effortlessly. In the chaos is a set of rules that most people and motorists abide by, and just because it’s different and unwritten, doesn’t make it non-existent. Despite the still too high rate of accidents, it’s far less than one would expect given the seemingly total absence of rules and order on the streets. Most of those close calls are not close at all, with drivers and pedestrians alike anticipating the other’s actions and paths.
In the same manner, Chinese customers are often puzzled when I drive them around in the States, and I don’t go through red lights even though there is absolutely no traffic around. They think US drivers are idiots for waiting when it’s perfectly safe to go through the intersection.
There is still much work to be done across the cultures.
October 2nd, 2009 at 1:59 pm
I find this post to be somewhat at odds with what happened over the Green Dam. If they are so cool with censorship then why the outrage? One thing I noticed is when that debacle happened, suddenly the proxies I was using slowed down remarkably and in many cases even giving me a “server is busy” error (indicating too many people connecting at once).
The reason the blocking of several western social networking sites is simply because so many chinese aren’t aware of it to begin with. The Green Dam issue showed us where the people REALLY feel about censorship once they become aware of it.
October 2nd, 2009 at 2:10 pm
I really wish there was an edit button in the comments section, I’d also like to add this as an addendum to my previous post:
It is clear that the government does this because they think it is in their interest (and by extension the country’s interest), but sooner or later that won’t be the case, especially as China starts depending less on simple manufacturing. Two questions need to be asked:
1.) When will that happen?
2.) After that happens what will be their reactions? How will be policy be changed and what might push the policy to be scrapped all together?